Search results for "mass [target]"

showing 10 items of 514 documents

The coupling of the electrostatic potential with the transport and adsorption mechanisms in ion-exchange chromatography systems: Theory and experimen…

2005

The coupling of the constitutive expression for the electrostatic potential as specified through Poisson's equation together with the constitutive equations for the mechanisms of convection, diffusion, electrophoretic migration, and adsorption provides the necessary set of constitutive expressions to be employed in the material balance equations of ion-exchange chromatography systems to construct macroscopic continuum models that could be used to design and simulate the dynamic behavior of systems involving a single charged adsorbate or multiple charged adsorbates. A physically relevant and consistent macroscopic continuum model that can predict, as has been observed experimentally by UV co…

Surface diffusionMass transfer coefficientChemistryIon chromatographyConstitutive equationAnalytical chemistryFiltration and SeparationAnalytical ChemistryCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterModeling and simulationMolecular dynamicsAdsorptionChemical physicsMass transferJournal of Separation Science
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Sustainable Mobility in Park Areas: The Potential Offered by Guided Transport Systems

2012

The project choices to design and manage a transport infrastructure system are extremely hard in thinly populated areas like, for instance, protected areas and mostly parks. In actual fact, the need for promotion and development of these areas, often characterized by large surfaces, contrasts with the necessity to preserve their inestimable natural value. The transportation demand in extremely sensible environmental contexts can be satisfied by providing incentives to use reduced-impact means of transport, regulating adequately the vehicle traffic flow and promoting the intermodality between private and public transport systems. Apart from performing their own traditional functions, these s…

Sustainable mobilityEngineeringMass transportExtremely hardbusiness.industryPollutant emissionsrubber tyre tram (TVR)Transport engineeringIncentiveTourist attractionPublic transportpark areabusinessEnvironmental planningTransport infrastructureICSDC 2011
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Mechanisms of fluid flow and fluid-rock interaction in fossil metamorphic hydrothermal systems inferred from vein-wallrock patterns, geometry and mic…

2001

Comparison of mass transfer patterns, geometry and microstructures developed within and around veins allows the interpretation of processes of fluid flow during deformation, metamorphism and mineralization. A classification of vein types based on the degree of interaction with wallrock (using petrological, geochemical or isotopic indicators) can be used to identify a range of processes, from closed system behaviour in which the vein mass is derived from local wallrock, through to open system behaviour in which the vein mass is derived externally. Microstructural characteristics, such as wallrock selvages, multiple growth events recorded by vein seams and vein crystal morphology, also help t…

TectonicsOre genesisAdvectionMass transferMetamorphic rockcardiovascular systemFluid dynamicsGeochemistryGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesMetamorphismGeometryHydrothermal circulationGeologyGeofluids
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Activity of bulbar respiratory modulated neurons and restart of respiration after hypocapnic apnea in rabbits

1980

The activity of respiratory modulated neurons at the end of the apneic pause and during restart of respiration and the diaphragmatic mass activity were examined and both were compared to quiet respiration. Thresholds of mutual inhibition of neurons are unevenly distributed within various phase types of neurons.

Time FactorsApneaQuiet respirationAction PotentialsDiaphragmatic breathingBiologyCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceRespirationmedicineAnimalsRespiratory systemMolecular BiologyMutual inhibitionNeuronsPharmacologyRespirationApneaCell BiologyCarbon DioxideRespiratory CenterMass activitynervous systemAnesthesiaMolecular MedicineRabbitsmedicine.symptomExperientia
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Electroweak measurements in electron-positron collisions at W-boson-pair energies at LEP

2013

The ALEPH, DELPHI, L3, OPAL collaborations and LEP Electroweak Working Group.-- arXiv:1302.3415

Top quarkPARTICLE PHYSICS; LARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDER; ALEPH; DELPHI; L3; OPALElectron–positron annihilationPrecision measurements at W-pair energiesWW bosonGeneral Physics and AstronomyCOLOR DIPOLE MODEL01 natural sciences7. Clean energyZZ bosonMathematical SciencesHigh Energy Physics - Experimentelectroweak interactionsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)electron-positron physics[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]FERMION-LOOP SCHEMEANOMALOUS MAGNETIC-MOMENTOF-MASS ENERGIES; TOP-QUARK MASS; CARLO EVENT GENERATOR; HADRONIC Z-DECAYS; INVARIANT YFS EXPONENTIATION; ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC-MOMENT; (UN)STABLE W+W-PRODUCTION; FERMION-LOOP SCHEME; COLOR DIPOLE MODEL; LEADING ORDER QCDeffective coupling constantsBosonPhysicsOPALPhysicsElectroweak interactionSettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentalehep-phPrecision measurements at WW-pair energiesRadiative correctionsALEPHNuclear & Particles PhysicsLARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDER3. Good healthRadiative correctionHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyOF-MASS ENERGIESDecays of heavy intermediate gauge bosonsINVARIANT YFS EXPONENTIATIONPrecision measurements at W-pair energieFermion-antifermion productionL3Physical SciencesComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGPARTICLE PHYSICSFísica nuclearProduction (computer science)decays of heavy intermediate gauge bosons; neutral weak current; w boson; tests of the standard model; precision measurements at w-pair energies; fermion-antifermion production; top quark; electron-positron physics; electroweak interactions; effective coupling constants; higgs boson; z boson; radiative correctionsFermion–antifermion productionELECTROWEAK INTERACTIONTests of the Standard ModelParticle Physics - ExperimentParticle physicsZ bosonElectron-positron physicElectroweak interactionsLEADING ORDER QCDHiggs boson(UN)STABLE W+W-PRODUCTIONFOS: Physical sciencesdecays of heavy intermediate gauge bosonsddc:500.2Decays of heavy intermediate gauge bosonEffective coupling constantPartícules (Física nuclear)Standard ModelNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)Neutral weak current0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicsTOP-QUARK MASSEffective coupling constantsDELPHIElectron–positron physicshep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyCARLO EVENT GENERATORTop quarkradiative correctionsElectron-positron physics; Electroweak interactions; Decays of heavy intermediate gauge bosons; Fermion-antifermion production; Precision measurements at W-pair energies; Tests of the Standard Model; Radiative corrections; Effective coupling constants; Neutral weak current; Z boson; W boson; Top quark; Higgs bosonHADRONIC Z-DECAYSCol·lisions (Física nuclear)[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]Experimental High Energy PhysicsLarge Electron–Positron ColliderW bosonHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentElectron-positron physics
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Diffusion of oxygen in cork.

2012

International audience; This work reports measurements of effective oxygen diffusion coefficient in raw cork. Kinetics of oxygen transfer through cork is studied at 298 K thanks to a homemade manometric device composed of two gas compartments separated by a cork wafer sample. The first compartment contains oxygen, whereas the second one is kept under dynamic vacuum. The pressure decrease in the first compartment is recorded as a function of time. The effective diffusion coefficient D-eff is obtained by applying Fick's law to transient state using a numerical method based on finite differences. An analytical model derived from Fick's law applied to steady state is also proposed. Results give…

Transient stateWork (thermodynamics)DiffusionAnalytical chemistryWineCorkengineering.material01 natural sciencesINGRESSPermeabilityDiffusion0404 agricultural biotechnologyMass transferEffective diffusion coefficientWaferNONDESTRUCTIVE COLORIMETRIC METHODDIFFERENT CLOSURESSteady stateChemistry010401 analytical chemistryBOTTLESFood Packaging04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral ChemistryODORANTSModels Theoretical040401 food science0104 chemical sciencesOxygenKineticsengineeringWHITE WINESGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesJournal of agricultural and food chemistry
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A penning trap for studying cluster ions

2008

We propose to use a Penning trap for spectroscopy of stored cluster ions. A similar device has been built for the purpose of mass measurements of short-lived nuclei produced at the on-line isotope separator ISOLDE/CERN. A resolving power of 500,000 in a mass measurement of39K and an accuracy of 2 × 10−7 for the85Rb/39K mass ratio were obtained. An efficiency for in-flight capture as high as 70% was achieved. The method provides very high sensitivity since typically only 10 to 100 ions are stored in the trap. We intend to perform laser spectroscopy on trapped Na clusters as a first application of the trap technique.

Trap (computing)Materials scienceIsotopeCluster (physics)Separator (oil production)Physics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsMass ratioSpectroscopyPenning trapIon
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Stratosphere–Troposphere Exchange and Its Relation to Potential Vorticity Streamers and Cutoffs near the Extratropical Tropopause

2007

Abstract Two distinct dynamical processes near the dynamical tropopause (2-PVU surface) and their relation are discussed in this study: stratosphere–troposphere exchange (STE) and the formation of distinct potential vorticity (PV) structures in the form of stratospheric and tropospheric streamers and cutoffs on isentropic surfaces. Two previously compiled climatologies based upon the 15-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis (ERA-15) dataset (from 1979 to 1993) are used to establish and quantify the link between STE and these PV structures. An event-based analysis reveals a strong relation between the two processes. For instance, on isentropes below 320 K, 30%–50%…

TroposphereAtmospheric ScienceMass transportPotential vorticityClimatologyExtratropical cycloneEnvironmental scienceTropopauseAtmospheric sciencesStratosphereJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences
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Adsorbents and columns in analytical high-performance liquid chromatography: A perspective with regard to development and understanding

2012

A brief historical survey is presented on the evaluation of silica adsorbents in analytical HPLC. The theory of analytical HPLC is mostly still being based on the height equivalent to a theoretical plate concept and the van Deemter equation that was derived from gas phase adsorption involving a linear adsorption isotherm and fast mass transfer kinetics. One can obviously wonder whether the use of the van Deemter equation is relevant and valid for the evaluation of the performance of HPLC systems, where most often the liquid solutes involve charged molecules in electrolytes and in very many cases the adsorbates are macromolecules having diffusion coefficients of small magnitude. Instead of t…

Van Deemter equationMolecular dynamicsAdsorptionEffective mass (solid-state physics)ChemistryMass transferAnalytical chemistryThermodynamicsFiltration and SeparationTheoretical platePorous mediumPorosityAnalytical ChemistryJournal of Separation Science
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Is the formation of a zeolite from a dry powder via a gas phase transport process possible?

1994

Abstract ZSM-5 was synthesized by four methods with a gradually decreasing water content ending in a reaction mixture with absolutely dry reagents in the form of a powder in the complete absence of a solution phase. Amorphous precursors obtained by drying SiO2·A2O3 gels at 650°C were transformed into zeolites in the presence of dried NH4F and TPABr. Some water is probably formed as a reaction product, but the maximum water pressure is appreciably below the saturation pressure under the given reaction conditions. To explain the formation of a zeolite, we suggest a vapor phase mass transfer process with SiF4 as the mobile species between the solid phase, which contains the amorphous Si/Al pre…

Vapor pressureChemistryGeneral EngineeringGeneral ChemistryAmorphous solidChemical engineeringPhase (matter)ReagentMass transferOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceZSM-5ZeoliteWater contentMicroporous Materials
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